Word bank (B1)
Verbs: achieve, improve, decide, travel, invite, borrow, lend, build, invent, solve, manage, remember.
Adjectives: careful, successful, independent, comfortable, dangerous, popular, tired, worried.
Time words: already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently, so far.
Linking words: because, so, although, however, if, when, unless, which, who, that.
Block 1. Present Perfect: experience and resultRule: have / has + V3 (been, seen, done, written, visited).
1. Three formsI have visited Georgia. / I have not visited Italy. / Have you visited Italy? Yes, I have. / No, I have not.She has finished her work. / She has not finished. / Has she finished?Do it for 10 verbs.
Learn the V3 forms:
go → gone/been,
see → seen,
eat → eaten,
write → written,
take → taken,
buy → bought.
2. Ever / neverHave you ever eaten sushi? → Yes, I have. / No, I have never eaten sushi.
Ask 10 “Have you ever…?” questions and report: Tom has never been to Paris.
3. Already / yet / justI have already done my homework. / I have not done it yet. / Have you done it yet? / I have just come home.
Make 3 sentences with each word.
4. For / sinceI have lived here for five years. / I have lived here since 2020.
For = a period (two weeks), since = a starting point (Monday).
Make 8 sentences about yourself.
5. Past Simple or Present Perfect?I lost my key yesterday. (finished time) / I have lost my key. (result now).
Have you ever been to London? → When did you go? → I went there last year.
Notice: with a finished time (yesterday, in 2019, ago) use Past Simple.
Make 6 pairs.
Block 2. Present Perfect ContinuousRule: have/has been + verb-ing.
I have been studying English for two years. She has been waiting since six o’clock. How long have you been living here?
Make: 8 sentences, then 5 questions with How long…? for a partner.
Block 3. Modal verbs (advice, obligation, possibility)
| Modal | Meaning | Model |
| should/ shouldn’t | advice | You should sleep more. |
| have to/ don’t have to | necessity/ no necessity | I have to get up early. She doesn’t have to work on Sunday. |
| must/ mustn’t | strong rule | You mustn’t use your phone here. |
| may/ might | possibility | It might rain. He may be at home. |
| could | past ability / polite request | I could swim when I was five. Could you help me? |
1. Advice block. I have a headache. → You should take a rest. Give advice for 8 problems: tired, hungry, lost, sick, lonely, late, bored, worried.
2. Have to or must?
Make 6 sentences about school, work and home rules. Then say what you don’t have to do.
3. Guess. Where is Ani? She might be at school. She may be at the shop. Make 8 guesses about friends and family.
4. Polite requests. Could you open the window, please? Would you mind closing the door? Make 8 requests and answers.
Block 4. Conditionals
1. Zero (facts): If + Present, Present
If you heat ice, it melts. / If it rains, the grass grows.
2. First (real future): If + Present, will + V
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.If you study hard, you will pass the exam.What will you do if you miss the bus?
3. Second (unreal, imagined): If + Past, would + V
If I had a lot of money, I would travel the world.
If I were you, I would call her. (use “were” for all persons).
What would you do if you won a million?
Make: 6 sentences for each type. Then play the chain: If I get up early, I will have time. → If I have time, I will cook breakfast. → If I cook breakfast, …
Go 10 steps.
Unless: Unless you hurry, you will be late. (= If you do not hurry…).
Make 4 sentences.
Block 5. Passive voiceRule: am / is / are + V3 (present), was / were + V3 (past), will be + V3 (future).
They build houses here. → Houses are built here.
Someone stole my bag. → My bag was stolen. They will open the school next year. → The school will be opened next year.
1. Change the sentence (active → passive)
People speak English all over the world. Mark Twain wrote this book. They cleaned the room yesterday. They will finish the work tomorrow.
2. Question blockWhere is coffee grown? / When was the telephone invented? / Who was this house built by?
3. Describe a process.
How is bread made?
Use 6 steps: Wheat is grown. It is cut. It is made into flour…
Block 6. Relative clauses and linking words.
1. Who / which / that
This is the girl who lives next to me. This is the book which I bought yesterday. A doctor is a person who helps sick people.
Make definitions: A teacher is a person who… / A key is a thing which… for 8 words.
2. Join two sentencesI was tired. I went to bed. → I was tired, so I went to bed. / I went to bed because I was tired. Although it was cold, we went out. / It was cold. However, we went out.
Make 8 pairs using because, so, although, however.
Block 7. Used to, gerund / infinitive, too / enough
1. Used to (past habit): I used to play in the street. I didn’t use to like fish. Did you use to live here? Make 8 sentences “then and now”.
2. Verb + -ing or to + VI enjoy reading. / I like swimming. / I am good at cooking. I want to go. / I decided to learn English. / I hope to see you.
Make 10 sentences with: enjoy, finish, stop, want, decide, hope, learn, need.
3. Too / enoughIt is too cold to swim. / The tea is not hot enough. / She is old enough to drive.
Make 8 sentences.
Block 8. Reported speech (introduction)
“I am tired,” she said. → She said (that) she was tired.
“I will help you,” he said. → He said he would help me.
“Do you like tea?” she asked. → She asked if I liked tea.
Rule: the verb goes one step back (am → was, will → would, like → liked).
Report 8 sentences from a partner’s interview.
Block 9. Mixed practice (B1)
1. Tell your life. Talk for 2 minutes using: used to (past), Present Perfect (experience), now (continuous), going to / conditional (future).
2. Problem and solution. A friend has a problem. Give advice with should, if I were you, you could, if you…, you will.
3. Debate. Choose a topic (city or village, books or films).
Say 8 sentences using although, because, however, I think that, in my opinion.
4. Describe and compare. Two places you have visited: Both … are …, but … is more … than … I have been to … twice, and I have never been to…